Applications of Computers

Computers have their application or utility everywhere. We find their applications in almost every sphere of life–particularly in fields where computations are required to be done at a very fast speed and where data is so complicated that the human brain finds it difficult to cope up with.

As you must be aware, computer now-a-days are being used almost in every department to do the work at a greater speed and accuracy. They can keep the record of all the employees and prepare their pay bill in a matter of minutes every month. They can keep automatic checks on the stock of a particular item. Some of the prominent areas of computer applications are:

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Computer Network and Advantages of Computer Networks 

A network is a set of technologies including hardware, software, and media that can he used to connect computers together, enabling them to communicate, exchange information, and share resources in real time. Networks allow many users to access shared data and programs almost instantly. When data and programs are stored on a network and arc shared, individual users can substantially reduce the need for programs on their own computers.

The uses of computer networks are as follows:

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Different Types of Computer Networks

A computer network is an interconnection of various computer systems located at different places. In a computer network, two or more computers are linked together with a medium and data communication devices for the purpose of communicating data and sharing resources.

The computer that provides resources to other computers on a network is known as a server. In the network the individual computers, which access shared network resources, are known as workstations or nodes.

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Explain Different Types of Network Topologies

The term topology in the context of communication network refers to the way the computers or workstations in the network are linked together. According to the physical arrangements of workstations and nature of work, there are three major types of network topology. They are star
topology, bus topology and ring topology.

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Modems

Although digital telephone lines are gaining popularity, millions of homes and businesses still have only analog telephone lines. Attaching a computer to an analog telephone line requires a modem.

A computer’s “voice" is digital; that is, it consists of on/off pulses representing 1's and O's. A device called a modem (short for modulator demodulator) is needed to translate these digital signals into analog signals that can travel over standard telephone lines.

In its modulation phase, the modem turns the computer’s digital signals into analog signals, which are then transmitted across the phone line. The reverse takes place during its demodulation phase, as the modem receives analog signals from the phone line and converts them into digital signals for the computer.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of E-mail

The only Internet service that is more frequently used than the Web is electronic mail. Electronic mail, or e-mail, is a system for exchanging messages through a computer network. People most commonly use e-mail to send and receive text messages, but depending on the software you use, you may be able to exchange audio or video messages with someone else.

E-mail was one of the first uses of the Internet, and quickly became a popular feature because it lets users exchange messages from anywhere in the world. Further, e-mail is less expensive than using the telephone because there is no charge for using it, beyond the regular fees you pay your ISP. E-mail is also a faster way to communicate than postal mail because e-mail messages typically reach their destination in seconds rather than days.

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